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ZeroMQ（也可拼写为 ØMQ、0MQ 或 ZMQ）是一个高性能异步消息库，旨在用于分布式或并发应用程序。它提供一个消息队列，但与面向消息的中间件不同，ZeroMQ 系统无需专门的消息代理即可运行。
ZeroMQ 支持常见的消息模式（发布/订阅、请求/回复、客户端/服务器等），并通过多种传输方式（TCP、进程内、进程间、多播、WebSocket 等）进行传输，使进程间消息传递像线程间消息传递一样简单。这使您的代码清晰、模块化且极易扩展。
ZeroMQ 由庞大的贡献者社区开发。有许多流行编程语言的第三方绑定，以及 C# 和 Java 的原生移植。
ZeroMQ 的理念始于 Zero。Zero 代表零代理（ZeroMQ 无代理）、零延迟、零成本（它是免费的）和零管理。
更普遍地讲，“zero” 指的是贯穿项目的极简主义文化。我们通过消除复杂性来增强功能，而不是通过暴露新功能。
指南 解释如何使用 ØMQ，涵盖基础、中级和高级用法，包含 60 多张图表和 750 个示例（共 28 种语言）。
也可作为 O'Reilly 出版的书提供。
Libzmq (https://github.com/zeromq/libzmq) 是大多数不同语言绑定的低层库。Libzmq 提供了 C-API 接口，使用 C++ 实现。您很少会直接使用 libzmq，但是如果您想为项目贡献力量或学习 zeromq 的内部原理，这里是起点。
那么让我们从一些代码开始，比如“Hello world”示例（当然）。
// Hello World server
#include <zmq.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <assert.h>
int main (void)
{
// Socket to talk to clients
void *context = zmq_ctx_new ();
void *responder = zmq_socket (context, ZMQ_REP);
int rc = zmq_bind (responder, "tcp://*:5555");
assert (rc == 0);
while (1) {
char buffer [10];
zmq_recv (responder, buffer, 10, 0);
printf ("Received Hello\n");
sleep (1); // Do some 'work'
zmq_send (responder, "World", 5, 0);
}
return 0;
}
// Hello World server
#include <czmq.h>
int main (void)
{
// Socket to talk to clients
zsock_t *responder = zsock_new (ZMQ_REP);
int rc = zsock_bind (responder, "tcp://*:5555");
assert (rc == 5555);
while (1) {
char *str = zstr_recv (responder);
printf ("Received Hello\n");
sleep (1); // Do some 'work'
zstr_send (responder, "World");
zstr_free (&str);
}
return 0;
}
// Hello World server
#include <zmqpp/zmqpp.hpp>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
const string endpoint = "tcp://*:5555";
// initialize the 0MQ context
zmqpp::context context;
// generate a pull socket
zmqpp::socket_type type = zmqpp::socket_type::reply;
zmqpp::socket socket (context, type);
// bind to the socket
socket.bind(endpoint);
while (1) {
// receive the message
zmqpp::message message;
// decompose the message
socket.receive(message);
string text;
message >> text;
//Do some 'work'
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
cout << "Received Hello" << endl;
socket.send("World");
}
}
#include <string>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include <iostream>
#include <zmq.hpp>
int main()
{
using namespace std::chrono_literals;
// initialize the zmq context with a single IO thread
zmq::context_t context{1};
// construct a REP (reply) socket and bind to interface
zmq::socket_t socket{context, zmq::socket_type::rep};
socket.bind("tcp://*:5555");
// prepare some static data for responses
const std::string data{"World"};
for (;;)
{
zmq::message_t request;
// receive a request from client
socket.recv(request, zmq::recv_flags::none);
std::cout << "Received " << request.to_string() << std::endl;
// simulate work
std::this_thread::sleep_for(1s);
// send the reply to the client
socket.send(zmq::buffer(data), zmq::send_flags::none);
}
return 0;
}
hello_world_server 示例在 azmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/azmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 czmqpp 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/czmqpp
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 fbzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/fbzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
using System;
using System.Threading;
using NetMQ;
using NetMQ.Sockets;
static class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
using (var responder = new ResponseSocket())
{
responder.Bind("tcp://*:5555");
while (true)
{
string str = responder.ReceiveFrameString();
Console.WriteLine("Received Hello");
Thread.Sleep(1000); // Do some 'work'
responder.SendFrame("World");
}
}
}
}
hello_world_server 示例在 clrzmq4 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/csharp/clrzmq4
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 dartzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/dart/dartzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
-module(hello_world_server).
-export([main/0]).
main() ->
application:start(chumak),
{ok, Socket} = chumak:socket(rep, "hello world server"),
{ok, _BindPid} = chumak:bind(Socket, tcp, "localhost", 5555),
loop(Socket).
loop(Socket) ->
Reply = chumak:recv(Socket),
io:format("Question: ~p\n", [Reply]),
chumak:send(Socket, <<"Hello Friend">>),
loop(Socket).
hello_world_server 示例在 ezmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/erlang/ezmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 erlang-czmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/erlang/erlang-czmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 FsNetMQ 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/fsharp/fsnetmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 fszmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/fsharp/fszmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
package main
import (
"log"
"time"
zmq "github.com/pebbe/zmq4"
)
func main() {
zctx, _ := zmq.NewContext()
s, _ := zctx.NewSocket(zmq.REP)
s.Bind("tcp://*:5555")
for {
// Wait for next request from client
msg, _ := s.Recv(0)
log.Printf("Received %s\n", msg)
// Do some 'work'
time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
// Send reply back to client
s.Send("World", 0)
}
}
package main
import (
"log"
"time"
"github.com/zeromq/goczmq"
)
func main() {
// Create a router socket and bind it to port 5555.
router, err := goczmq.NewRouter("tcp://*:5555")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer router.Destroy()
log.Println("router created and bound")
for {
// Receive the message. Here we call RecvMessage, which
// will return the message as a slice of frames ([][]byte).
// Since this is a router socket that support async
// request / reply, the first frame of the message will
// be the routing frame.
request, err := router.RecvMessage()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("router received '%s' from '%v'", request[1], request[0])
// Do some 'work'
time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
// Send a reply. First we send the routing frame, which
// lets the dealer know which client to send the message.
// The FlagMore flag tells the router there will be more
// frames in this message.
err = router.SendFrame(request[0], goczmq.FlagMore)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("router sent 'World'")
// Next send the reply. The FlagNone flag tells the router
// that this is the last frame of the message.
err = router.SendFrame([]byte("World"), goczmq.FlagNone)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
}
hello_world_server 示例在 zeromq4-haskell 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/haskell/zeromq4-haskell
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
// Hello World server in Java
// Binds REP socket to tcp://*:5555
// Expects "Hello" from client, replies with "World"
import org.zeromq.SocketType;
import org.zeromq.ZMQ;
import org.zeromq.ZContext;
public class hwserver
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
try (ZContext context = new ZContext()) {
// Socket to talk to clients
ZMQ.Socket socket = context.createSocket(SocketType.REP);
socket.bind("tcp://*:5555");
while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
byte[] reply = socket.recv(0);
System.out.println(
"Received " + ": [" + new String(reply, ZMQ.CHARSET) + "]"
);
String response = "world";
socket.send(response.getBytes(ZMQ.CHARSET), 0);
Thread.sleep(1000); // Do some 'work'
}
}
}
}
hello_world_server 示例在 JZMQ 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/java/jzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
hello_world_server 示例在 jczmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/java/jczmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
// Hello World server
// Binds REP socket to tcp://*:5555
// Expects "Hello" from client, replies with "World"
const zmq = require('zeromq');
async function runServer() {
const sock = new zmq.Reply();
await sock.bind('tcp://*:5555');
for await (const [msg] of sock) {
console.log('Received ' + ': [' + msg.toString() + ']');
await sock.send('World');
// Do some 'work'
}
}
runServer();
hello_world_server 示例在 perlzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/perl/perlzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
#
# Hello World server in Python
# Binds REP socket to tcp://*:5555
# Expects b"Hello" from client, replies with b"World"
#
import time
import zmq
context = zmq.Context()
socket = context.socket(zmq.REP)
socket.bind("tcp://*:5555")
while True:
# Wait for next request from client
message = socket.recv()
print(f"Received request: {message}")
# Do some 'work'
time.sleep(1)
# Send reply back to client
socket.send(b"World")
hello_world_server 示例在 rbzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/ruby/rbzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_server.md
$example_dir/hello_world_server.md
#![crate_name = "helloworld_server"]
//! Hello World server in Rust
//! Binds REP socket to tcp://*:5555
//! Expects "Hello" from client, replies with "World"
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;
fn main() {
let context = zmq::Context::new();
let responder = context.socket(zmq::REP).unwrap();
assert!(responder.bind("tcp://*:5555").is_ok());
let mut msg = zmq::Message::new();
loop {
responder.recv(&mut msg, 0).unwrap();
println!("Received {}", msg.as_str().unwrap());
thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1000));
responder.send("World", 0).unwrap();
}
}
查看完整示例以了解更多详情。
const std = @import("std");
const zzmq = @import("zzmq");
pub fn main() !void {
std.log.info("Starting the server...", .{});
var gpa = std.heap.GeneralPurposeAllocator(.{}){};
defer {
if (gpa.deinit() == .leak)
@panic("Memory leaked");
}
const allocator = gpa.allocator();
var socket = try zzmq.ZSocket.init(allocator, zzmq.ZSocketType.Rep);
defer socket.deinit();
_ = try socket.bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:5555");
while (true) {
// Wait for next request from client
{
var frame = try socket.receive();
defer frame.deinit();
const data = try frame.data();
std.log.info("Received: {s}", .{data});
}
// Do some 'work'
std.time.sleep(std.time.ns_per_s);
// Send reply back to client
{
var frame = try zzmq.ZFrame.init("World");
defer frame.deinit();
try socket.send(&frame, .{});
}
}
}
服务器创建一个响应类型的 socket（稍后您将阅读更多关于请求-回复模式的内容），将其绑定到端口 5555，然后等待消息。您还可以看到我们是零配置的，我们只是在发送字符串。
// Hello World client
#include <zmq.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main (void)
{
printf ("Connecting to hello world server…\n");
void *context = zmq_ctx_new ();
void *requester = zmq_socket (context, ZMQ_REQ);
zmq_connect (requester, "tcp://localhost:5555");
int request_nbr;
for (request_nbr = 0; request_nbr != 10; request_nbr++) {
char buffer [10];
printf ("Sending Hello %d…\n", request_nbr);
zmq_send (requester, "Hello", 5, 0);
zmq_recv (requester, buffer, 10, 0);
printf ("Received World %d\n", request_nbr);
}
zmq_close (requester);
zmq_ctx_destroy (context);
return 0;
}
// Hello World client
#include <czmq.h>
int main (void)
{
printf ("Connecting to hello world server…\n");
zsock_t *requester = zsock_new (ZMQ_REQ);
zsock_connect (requester, "tcp://localhost:5555");
int request_nbr;
for (request_nbr = 0; request_nbr != 10; request_nbr++) {
printf ("Sending Hello %d…\n", request_nbr);
zstr_send (requester, "Hello");
char *str = zstr_recv (requester);
printf ("Received World %d\n", request_nbr);
zstr_free (&str);
}
zsock_destroy (&requester);
return 0;
}
// Hello World client
#include <zmqpp/zmqpp.hpp>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
const string endpoint = "tcp://localhost:5555";
// initialize the 0MQ context
zmqpp::context context;
// generate a push socket
zmqpp::socket_type type = zmqpp::socket_type::req;
zmqpp::socket socket (context, type);
// open the connection
cout << "Connecting to hello world server…" << endl;
socket.connect(endpoint);
int request_nbr;
for (request_nbr = 0; request_nbr != 10; request_nbr++) {
// send a message
cout << "Sending Hello " << request_nbr <<"…" << endl;
zmqpp::message message;
// compose a message from a string and a number
message << "Hello";
socket.send(message);
string buffer;
socket.receive(buffer);
cout << "Received World " << request_nbr << endl;
}
}
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <zmq.hpp>
int main()
{
// initialize the zmq context with a single IO thread
zmq::context_t context{1};
// construct a REQ (request) socket and connect to interface
zmq::socket_t socket{context, zmq::socket_type::req};
socket.connect("tcp://localhost:5555");
// set up some static data to send
const std::string data{"Hello"};
for (auto request_num = 0; request_num < 10; ++request_num)
{
// send the request message
std::cout << "Sending Hello " << request_num << "..." << std::endl;
socket.send(zmq::buffer(data), zmq::send_flags::none);
// wait for reply from server
zmq::message_t reply{};
socket.recv(reply, zmq::recv_flags::none);
std::cout << "Received " << reply.to_string();
std::cout << " (" << request_num << ")";
std::cout << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
hello_world_client 示例在 azmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/azmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 czmqpp 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/czmqpp
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 fbzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/cpp/fbzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
using System;
using NetMQ;
using NetMQ.Sockets;
static class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Connecting to hello world server…");
using(var requester = new RequestSocket())
{
requester.Connect("tcp://localhost:5555");
int requestNumber;
for (requestNumber = 0; requestNumber != 10; requestNumber++)
{
Console.WriteLine("Sending Hello {0}...", requestNumber);
requester.SendFrame("Hello");
string str = requester.ReceiveFrameString();
Console.WriteLine("Received World {0}", requestNumber);
}
}
}
}
hello_world_client 示例在 clrzmq4 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/csharp/clrzmq4
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 dartzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/dart/dartzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
-module(hello_world_client).
-export([main/0]).
main() ->
application:start(chumak),
{ok, Socket} = chumak:socket(req, "hello world client"),
{ok, Pid} = chumak:connect(Socket, tcp, "localhost", 5555),
send_messages(Socket, 10).
send_messages(Socket, 0) ->
ok;
send_messages(Socket, N) ->
io:format("Sending Hello ~p\n...", [N]),
ok = chumak:send(Socket, <<"Hello">>),
{ok, RecvMessage} = chumak:recv(Socket),
io:format("Received: ~p\n", [RecvMessage]),
send_messages(Socket, N-1).
hello_world_client 示例在 ezmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/erlang/ezmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 erlang-czmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/erlang/erlang-czmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 FsNetMQ 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/fsharp/fsnetmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 fszmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/fsharp/fszmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
package main
import (
"fmt"
zmq "github.com/pebbe/zmq4"
)
func main() {
zctx, _ := zmq.NewContext()
// Socket to talk to server
fmt.Printf("Connecting to the server...\n")
s, _ := zctx.NewSocket(zmq.REQ)
s.Connect("tcp://localhost:5555")
// Do 10 requests, waiting each time for a response
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
fmt.Printf("Sending request %d...\n", i)
s.Send("Hello", 0)
msg, _ := s.Recv(0)
fmt.Printf("Received reply %d [ %s ]\n", i, msg)
}
}
package main
import (
"log"
"github.com/zeromq/goczmq"
)
func main() {
// Create a dealer socket and connect it to the router.
dealer, err := goczmq.NewDealer("tcp://127.0.0.1:5555")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer dealer.Destroy()
log.Println("dealer created and connected")
// Do 10 requests, waiting each time for a response
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
// Send a 'Hello' message from the dealer to the router.
// Here we send it as a frame ([]byte), with a FlagNone
// flag to indicate there are no more frames following.
err = dealer.SendFrame([]byte("Hello"), goczmq.FlagNone)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Println("dealer sent 'Hello'")
// Receive the reply.
reply, err := dealer.RecvMessage()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("dealer received '%s'", string(reply[0]))
}
}
hello_world_client 示例在 zeromq4-haskell 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/haskell/zeromq4-haskell
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
// Hello World client in Java
// Connects REQ socket to tcp://localhost:5555
// Sends "Hello" to server, expects "World" back
import org.zeromq.SocketType;
import org.zeromq.ZMQ;
import org.zeromq.ZContext;
public class hwclient
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try (ZContext context = new ZContext()) {
System.out.println("Connecting to hello world server");
// Socket to talk to server
ZMQ.Socket socket = context.createSocket(SocketType.REQ);
socket.connect("tcp://localhost:5555");
for (int requestNbr = 0; requestNbr != 10; requestNbr++) {
String request = "Hello";
System.out.println("Sending Hello " + requestNbr);
socket.send(request.getBytes(ZMQ.CHARSET), 0);
byte[] reply = socket.recv(0);
System.out.println(
"Received " + new String(reply, ZMQ.CHARSET) + " " +
requestNbr
);
}
}
}
}
hello_world_client 示例在 JZMQ 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/java/jzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
hello_world_client 示例在 jczmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/java/jczmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
// Hello World client
const zmq = require('zeromq');
async function runClient() {
console.log('Connecting to hello world server…');
// Socket to talk to server
const sock = new zmq.Request();
sock.connect('tcp://localhost:5555');
for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
console.log('Sending Hello ', i);
await sock.send('Hello');
const [result] = await sock.receive();
console.log('Received ', result.toString(), i);
}
}
runClient();
hello_world_client 示例在 perlzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/perl/perlzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
#
# Hello World client in Python
# Connects REQ socket to tcp://localhost:5555
# Sends "Hello" to server, expects "World" back
#
import zmq
context = zmq.Context()
# Socket to talk to server
print("Connecting to hello world server…")
socket = context.socket(zmq.REQ)
socket.connect("tcp://localhost:5555")
# Do 10 requests, waiting each time for a response
for request in range(10):
print(f"Sending request {request} …")
socket.send(b"Hello")
# Get the reply.
message = socket.recv()
print(f"Received reply {request} [ {message} ]")
hello_world_client 示例在 rbzmq 中缺失。您想贡献它吗？然后按照以下步骤操作
git clone https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.org
example_dir=content/docs/examples/ruby/rbzmq
cd zeromq.org && mkdir -p $example_dir
[ -s $example_dir/index.md ] || cat >$example_dir/index.md <<'EOF'
---
headless: true
---
EOF
cp archetypes/examples/hello_world_client.md
$example_dir/hello_world_client.md
#![crate_name = "helloworld_client"]
//! Hello World client
fn main() {
println!("Connecting to hello world server...\n");
let context = zmq::Context::new();
let requester = context.socket(zmq::REQ).unwrap();
assert!(requester.connect("tcp://localhost:5555").is_ok());
let mut msg = zmq::Message::new();
for request_nbr in 0..10 {
println!("Sending Hello {}...", request_nbr);
requester.send("Hello", 0).unwrap();
requester.recv(&mut msg, 0).unwrap();
println!("Received World {}: {}", msg.as_str().unwrap(), request_nbr);
}
}
查看完整示例以了解更多详情。
const std = @import("std");
const zzmq = @import("zzmq");
pub fn main() !void {
std.log.info("Connecting to the server...", .{});
var gpa = std.heap.GeneralPurposeAllocator(.{}){};
defer {
if (gpa.deinit() == .leak)
@panic("Memory leaked");
}
const allocator = gpa.allocator();
var socket = try zzmq.ZSocket.init(allocator, zzmq.ZSocketType.Req);
defer socket.deinit();
try socket.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:5555");
// Do 10 requests, waiting each time for a response
for (0..9) |i| {
// Send the request
{
std.log.info("Sending request {}...", .{i});
var frame = try zzmq.ZFrame.init("Hello");
defer frame.deinit();
try socket.send(&frame, .{});
}
// Receive the reply
{
var frame = try socket.receive();
defer frame.deinit();
const data = try frame.data();
std.log.info("Received reply {} [ {s} ]", .{ i, data });
}
}
}
客户端创建一个请求类型的 socket，连接并开始发送消息。
send 和 receive 方法都是阻塞的（默认情况下）。对于接收来说很简单：如果没有消息，方法将阻塞。对于发送来说更复杂，取决于 socket 类型。对于请求 socket，如果达到高水位线或没有对等端连接，方法将阻塞。